Cyclones gain their energy from the heat and humidity produced by warm ocean surfaces. The Bay of Bengal posted high summer temperatures for this year. Researchers have said this is a fall-out of global warming from emissions of fossil fuel that has heated up oceans.
Tropical Cyclones
Tropical cyclones are even in the formative stages of their development, one of the biggest threats to life and property. They include a number of different hazards that can have significant impacts on life and property on an individual basis, such as storm surge, flooding, extreme winds, tornadoes and lighting. Combined, these hazards communicate with each other and greatly increase the risk for life-loss and material harm.
In the past 50 years, 1,942 disasters have been attributed to tropical cyclones, killing 779,324 people and causing economic damages of US$ 1,407.6 billion – an average of 43 deaths and US$ 78,000,000 daily.
A tropical cyclone is a rapidly spinning storm that emerges from tropical waters from where it draws the energy for growth. It has a low pressure center and spiraling clouds toward the eyewall surrounding the "eye," the central part of the system where the weather is usually calm and cloud-free. Its diameter is usually between 200 and 500 km but it can reach 1000 km. A tropical cyclone brings with it very violent winds, torrential rain, high waves and very destructive storm surges and coastal flooding in some cases.In the Northern Hemisphere, the winds blow counterclockwise, and in the Southern Hemisphere, clockwise. To the interests of public safety, names are given to tropical cyclones above a certain strength.
This weather phenomenon is named according to the location, with different terms.
- Such a weather event is called "hurricane" in the Caribbean Sea , the Gulf of Mexico, the North Atlantic Ocean and the eastern and central North Pacific Ocean.
- This is named "typhoon" in the western North Pacific.
- It is called "cyclone" in the Bay of Bengal and the Arab Sea.
- It is named "strong tropical cyclone" in western South Pacific and southeastern India Ocean.
- It is named "tropical cyclone" in the southwest India Ocean
They are linked to extremely heavy rain which can lead to widespread flooding. Cyclones are also associated with damaging or destructive winds, and the surface winds can reach speeds of more than 300 km / h in the most extreme systems. The combination of wind-driven waves and a tropical cyclone's low pressure will create a coastal storm surge – a massive amount of high-speed, ashore-driven water of tremendous intensity that can wash away buildings in its path and inflict major damage to the coastal ecosystem.
WMO maintains rotating naming lists that are appropriate for each Tropical Cyclone basin. If a cyclone is particularly deadly or expensive, then it retires its name and replaces it with another.
Tropical cyclones can last for a week or more; therefore more than one cyclone may be present at a time. Weather forecasters provide a name for every tropical cyclone to avoid confusion. Tropical cyclones are given names in alphabetic order each year. We alternate the names of women and men. The name list is submitted by WMO members of a particular region's National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHSs), and accepted at their annual / biannual sessions by the respective tropical cyclone national bodies. In 2000, nations started using a new method for naming tropical cyclones in the western North Pacific.
The tradition of naming storms (tropical cyclones) began years ago to help identify storms easily in warning communications, as names are thought to be much easier to remember than numbers and technical words. Most believe that adding names to storms makes reporting on tropical cyclones simpler for the media, heightens interest in forecasts and improves community preparedness.
Experience demonstrates that the use of short, recognizable names in both written and spoken communications is quicker and less vulnerable to error than the older forms of recognition of latitude-longitude. These advantages are particularly important in the exchange of detailed storm information among hundreds of widely dispersed stations, coastal bases, and ships at sea.